San Rafael Rancho, granted to retired soldier Jose Maria Verdugo in 1784. I believe this grant, green, fertile and cool, was the very first land transfer of all the ranchos in California. It is a dramatic accident of history that, 62 years later, the last proud Californios found themselves holed up at Verdugo’s, arguing about how they could protect what they saw as their patrimony from American annihilation.
The humble but useful ox-drawn careta is, along with the ubiquitous bell, a symbol of California life during the Mission and rancho period. In fact, many of the famous mission bells, including those used at San Diego in 1769, arrived in California strapped onto a careta. During the Mexican War, caretas served as artillery carriages for both sides. This careta carries a dracaena as cargo.
This cactus on the grounds has fruited, and is setting seed.
The chimney cap on the old river-stone chimney seems almost Streamline. (If it is, thank the Native Daughters of the Golden West!)







